1787

Delaware becomes the first U.S. state to ratify the Constitution. AI analysis

Delaware's ratification set the stage for the establishment of the U.S. government, showcasing early support for the Constitution that would unite the thirteen colonies. --AI Explanation

1796

The first American president, George Washington, gives his Farewell Address. AI analysis

Washington's address advised the nation to avoid entangling alliances and political parties, offering timeless principles of American foreign policy and unity. --AI Explanation

1836

Sam Houston is elected as the first president of the Republic of Texas. AI analysis

Houston’s election marked a key moment in Texas' independence from Mexico, setting the stage for its eventual annexation by the United States. --AI Explanation

1842

The first opium war ends with the signing of the Treaty of Nanking. AI analysis

The Treaty of Nanking forced China to cede Hong Kong to Britain and open several ports to foreign trade, a significant turning point in China’s imperial decline. --AI Explanation

1869

The Wyoming Territory becomes the first U.S. territory to grant women the right to vote. AI analysis

Wyoming's move to grant women voting rights marked an early step toward gender equality in U.S. politics, influencing other states in the struggle for women's suffrage. --AI Explanation

1914

The Battle of the Falkland Islands takes place during World War I. AI analysis

A decisive naval victory for Britain, this battle solidified British control over the South Atlantic, weakening German influence in the region during the early stages of WWI. --AI Explanation

1941

The Japanese attack the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor, leading the U.S. to enter World War II. AI analysis

The surprise attack on Pearl Harbor by Japan led the U.S. to declare war, fundamentally altering the course of WWII and leading to major shifts in global power dynamics. --AI Explanation

1949

The People's Republic of China announces its plans to move its capital from Nanjing to Beijing. AI analysis

This decision symbolized the consolidation of power by the Communist Party in China, marking a shift in the political landscape following the Chinese Civil War. --AI Explanation

1953

The United States successfully tests its first hydrogen bomb. AI analysis

The successful detonation of a hydrogen bomb significantly advanced U.S. nuclear capabilities during the Cold War, heightening tensions with the Soviet Union. --AI Explanation

1963

The United States creates the National Security Agency’s (NSA) "Project Minaret" to monitor foreign communications. AI analysis

Project Minaret marked an expansion of U.S. intelligence operations during the Cold War, laying the groundwork for later controversial surveillance practices. --AI Explanation

1972

Apollo 17, the last Apollo mission, is launched to the moon. AI analysis

Apollo 17’s successful mission marked the final lunar landing of NASA's Apollo program, concluding an era of significant achievements in space exploration. --AI Explanation

1975

The U.S. and Soviet Union sign the Helsinki Accords to ease Cold War tensions. AI analysis

The Helsinki Accords represented a breakthrough in Cold War diplomacy, establishing human rights standards and promoting cooperation between the East and West. --AI Explanation

1988

The Iran-Contra Affair scandal is revealed. AI analysis

The Iran-Contra Affair, which involved illegal arms sales and covert operations, led to a political crisis in the U.S., highlighting the complexities of U.S. foreign policy. --AI Explanation

1993

The Oslo Accords are signed between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). AI analysis

The Oslo Accords represented a significant moment in the Israeli-Palestinian peace process, aiming to resolve conflicts and establish a path to a two-state solution. --AI Explanation

1995

The World Trade Organization (WTO) is established. AI analysis

The creation of the WTO marked the formalization of global trade regulation, setting rules to govern international commerce and dispute resolution. --AI Explanation

2000

The U.S. Supreme Court rules in favor of George W. Bush in the disputed 2000 presidential election. AI analysis

The ruling ended a contentious recount process in Florida, effectively securing Bush’s victory in the election, which had lasting impacts on U.S. politics and policies. --AI Explanation

2001

The United States begins military operations in Afghanistan in response to the September 11 attacks. AI analysis

The invasion of Afghanistan was the first military response to the 9/11 attacks, leading to a protracted conflict aimed at dismantling al-Qaeda and removing the Taliban from power. --AI Explanation

2005

The Kyoto Protocol comes into force, aiming to combat global climate change. AI analysis

The Kyoto Protocol represented a significant international agreement on climate change, setting binding targets for greenhouse gas reductions among industrialized nations. --AI Explanation

2011

The United States announces the death of al-Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden. AI analysis

The killing of bin Laden marked a symbolic victory in the War on Terror, but it also raised questions about the effectiveness of U.S. counterterrorism policies in the Middle East. --AI Explanation

2017

The United Nations General Assembly votes to condemn the U.S. recognition of Jerusalem as Israel’s capital. AI analysis

The UN vote was a major international response to the U.S. decision, highlighting the ongoing global debate over the status of Jerusalem and its significance in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. --AI Explanation

December 07 Birthdays

521

Columba

Irish missionary, monk, and saint

(d. 597)

903

Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi

Persian astronomer and author

(d. 986)

967

Abū-Sa'īd Abul-Khayr

Persian Sufi poet

(d. 1049)

1302

Azzone Visconti

Italian nobleman

(d. 1339)

1532

Louis I

German nobleman and politician

(d. 1605)

1545

Henry Stuart

English-Scottish husband of Mary, Queen of Scots

(d. 1567)

1561

Kikkawa Hiroie

Japanese daimyō

(d. 1625)

1595

Injo of Joseon

Korean king

(d. 1649)

1598

Gian Lorenzo Bernini

Italian sculptor and painter

(d. 1680)

1643

Giovanni Battista Falda

Italian architect and engraver

(d. 1678)

1637

Bernardo Pasquini

Italian organist and composer

(d. 1710)

1756

John Littlejohn

American sheriff and Methodist preacher

(d. 1836)

1764

Claude Victor-Perrin

French general and politician

(d. 1841)

1784

Allan Cunningham

Scottish author and poet

(d. 1842)

1791

Ferenc Novák

Hungarian-Slovene priest and poet

(d. 1836)

1792

Abraham Jacob van der Aa

Dutch author and academic

(d. 1857)

1801

Johann Nestroy

Austrian actor and playwright

(d. 1862)

1810

Josef Hyrtl

Hungarian-Austrian anatomist and biologist

(d. 1894)

1810

Theodor Schwann

German physiologist and biologist

(d. 1882)

1823

Leopold Kronecker

Polish-German mathematician and academic

(d. 1891)

1838

Thomas Bent

Australian businessman and politician, 22nd Premier of Victoria

(d. 1909)

1860

Joseph Cook

English-born Australian politician, 6th Prime Minister of Australia

(d. 1947)

1861

Henri Mathias Berthelot

French general during World War I

(d. 1931)

1862

Paul Adam

French author

(d. 1920)

1863

Felix Calonder

Swiss soldier and politician, 36th President of the Swiss Confederation

(d. 1952)

1863

Pietro Mascagni

Italian composer and conductor

(d. 1945)

1863

Richard Warren Sears

American businessman, co-founded Sears

(d. 1914)

1869

Frank Laver

Australian cricketer

(d. 1919)

1873

Willa Cather

American novelist, short story writer, and poet

(d. 1947)

1878

Akiko Yosano

Japanese author, poet, pioneering feminist, pacifist, and social reformer

(d. 1942)

1879

Rudolf Friml

Czech-American pianist, composer, and academic

(d. 1972)

1884

John Carpenter

American sprinter

(d. 1933)

1885

Mason Phelps

American golfer

(d. 1945)

1885

Peter Sturholdt

American boxer and painter

(d. 1919)

1887

Ernst Toch

Austrian-American composer and songwriter

(d. 1964)

1888

Joyce Cary

Irish novelist

(d. 1957)

1888

Hamilton Fish III

American captain and politician

(d. 1991)

1892

Stuart Davis

American painter and academic

(d. 1964)

1893

Fay Bainter

American actress

(d. 1968)

1893

Hermann Balck

German general

(d. 1982)

1894

Freddie Adkins

English author and illustrator

(d. 1986)

1900

Kateryna Vasylivna Bilokur

Ukrainian folk artist

(d. 1961)

1902

Hilda Taba

Estonian architect, author, and educator

(d. 1967)

1903

Danilo Blanuša

Croatian mathematician, physicist, and academic

(d. 1987)

1904

Clarence Nash

American voice actor and singer

(d. 1985)

1905

Gerard Kuiper

Dutch-American astronomer and academic

(d. 1973)

1906

Erika Fuchs

German translator

(d. 2005)

1907

Fred Rose

Polish-Canadian politician and spy

(d. 1983)

1909

Nikola Vaptsarov

Bulgarian poet and author

(d. 1942)

1910

Duncan McNaughton

Canadian high jumper and geologist

(d. 1998)

1910

Louis Prima

American singer-songwriter, trumpet player, and actor

(d. 1978)

1912

Daniel Jones

Welsh captain and composer

(d. 1993)

1913

Kersti Merilaas

Estonian author and poet

(d. 1986)

1915

Leigh Brackett

American author and screenwriter

(d. 1978)

1915

Eli Wallach

American actor

(d. 2014)

1920

Tatamkhulu Afrika

South African poet and author

(d. 2002)

1920

Fiorenzo Magni

Italian cyclist

(d. 2012)

1920

Walter Nowotny

Austrian-German soldier and pilot

(d. 1944)

1921

Pramukh Swami Maharaj

Indian guru and scholar

(d. 2016)

1923

Intizar Hussain

Indian-Pakistani author and scholar

(d. 2016)

1923

Ted Knight

American actor and comedian

(d. 1986)

1924

Bent Fabric

Danish pianist and composer

(d. 2020)

1924

John Love

Zimbabwean race car driver

(d. 2005)

1924

Mary Ellen Rudin

American mathematician

(d. 2013)

1924

Mário Soares

Portuguese historian, lawyer, and politician, 17th President of Portugal

(d. 2017)

1925

Hermano da Silva Ramos

French-Brazilian race car drive

r

1925

Max Zaslofsky

American basketball player and coach

(d. 1985)

1926

William John McNaughton

American bishop

(d. 2020)

1927

Jack S. Blanton

American businessman and philanthropist

(d. 2013)

1927

Helen Watts

Welsh opera singer

(d. 2009)

1928

Noam Chomsky

American linguist and philosophe

r

1928

Mickey Thompson

American race car driver

(d. 1988)

1930

Christopher Nicole

Guyanese-English author

(d. 2017)

1930

Hal Smith

American baseball player

(d. 2020)

1931

Allan B. Calhamer

American game designer, created Diplomacy

(d. 2013)

1931

Bobby Osborne

American bluegrass singer and musician

(d. 2023)

1932

Ellen Burstyn

American actres

s

1932

Oktay Ekşi

Turkish journalist and politicia

n

1932

Rosemary Rogers

American journalist and author

(d. 2019)

1932

J. B. Sumarlin

Indonesian economist and politician, 17th Indonesian Minister of Finance

(d. 2020)

1932

Bobby Whitton

Australian rugby league player

(d. 2008)

1933

Krsto Papić

Croatian director and screenwriter

(d. 2013)

1935

Armando Manzanero

Mexican musician, singer and composer

(d. 2020)

1937

Stan Boardman

English comedia

n

1937

Thad Cochran

American lawyer and politician

(d. 2019)

1940

Gerry Cheevers

Canadian ice hockey player and coac

h

1941

Melba Pattillo Beals

American journalist and activis

t

1942

Harry Chapin

American singer-songwriter and guitarist

(d. 1981)

1942

Alex Johnson

American baseball player

(d. 2015)

1942

Reginald F. Lewis

American businessman

(d. 1993)

1942

Peter Tomarken

American game show host and producer

(d. 2006)

1943

Susan Isaacs

American author and screenwrite

r

1943

Jóhann Ársælsson

Icelandic politicia

n

1943

Nick Katz

American mathematician and academi

c

1943

Bernard C. Parks

American police officer and politicia

n

1943

John Bennett Ramsey

American businessman and pilo

t

1944

Daniel Chorzempa

American organist and composer

(d. 2023)

1944

Miroslav Macek

Czech dentist and politician

(d. 2024)

1947

Johnny Bench

American baseball player and sportscaste

r

1947

Anne Fine

English autho

r

1947

James Keach

American actor, producer, and directo

r

1947

Garry Unger

Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaste

r

1948

Gary Morris

American country singer-songwriter and acto

r

1948

Tony Thomas

American screenwriter and produce

r

1949

James Rivière

Italian sculptor and jewele

r

1949

Tom Waits

American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and acto

r

1950

Ron Hynes

Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist

(d. 2015)

1952

Susan Collins

American politicia

n

1952

Eckhard Märzke

German footballer and manage

r

1954

Mary Fallin

American businesswoman and politician, 27th Governor of Oklahom

a

1955

John Watkins

Australian educator and politician, 14th Deputy Premier of New South Wale

s

1956

Larry Bird

American basketball player and coac

h

1956

Chuy Bravo

Mexican-American comedian and actor

(d. 2019)

1956

Anna Soubry

British politicia

n

1957

Geoff Lawson

Australian cricketer, coach, and sportscaste

r

1957

Tijjani Muhammad-Bande

Nigerian career-diplomat, President of the United Nations General Assembly

(2019)

1957

Tom Winsor

English lawyer and civil servan

t

1958

Tim Butler

English bass player and songwrite

r

1958

Rick Rude

American wrestler and sportscaster

(d. 1999)

1959

Saleem Yousuf

Pakistani crickete

r

1960

Craig Scanlon

English guitarist and songwrite

r

1962

Alain Blondel

French decathlet

e

1962

Jeffrey Donaldson

Northern Irish politicia

n

1962

Imad Mughniyah

Lebanese activist

(d. 2008)

1963

Theo Snelders

Dutch footballer and coac

h

1963

Katsuya Terada

Japanese illustrato

r

1963

Barbara Weathers

American R&B/soul singe

r

1964

Hugo Blick

English filmmake

r

1964

Patrick Fabian

American acto

r

1964

Peter Laviolette

American ice hockey player and coac

h

1965

Deborah Bassett

Australian rowe

r

1965

Colin Hendry

Scottish footballer and manage

r

1965

Jeffrey Wright

American acto

r

1966

C. Thomas Howell

American actor, director, producer, and screenwrite

r

1966

Shinichi Ito

Japanese motorcycle race

r

1966

Kazue Itoh

Japanese actres

s

1966

Andres Kasekamp

Canadian-Estonian historian and academi

c

1966

Louise Post

American singer-songwriter and guitaris

t

1967

Mark Geyer

Australian rugby league player and sportscaste

r

1967

Tino Martinez

American baseball player, coach, and sportscaste

r

1967

Nina Turner

American politicia

n

1971

Vladimir Akopian

Azerbaijani-Armenian chess playe

r

1972

Hermann Maier

Austrian skie

r

1972

Tammy Lynn Sytch

American wrestler and manage

r

1973

İbrahim Kutluay

Turkish basketball playe

r

1973

Hack Meyers

American wrestler and trainer

(d. 2015)

1973

Terrell Owens

American football playe

r

1973

Fabien Pelous

French rugby player and coac

h

1973

Damien Rice

Irish singer-songwriter, musician and record produce

r

1974

Nicole Appleton

Canadian singer and actres

s

1974

Manuel Martínez Gutiérrez

Spanish shot putter and acto

r

1975

Jamie Clapham

English footballer and coac

h

1976

Alan Faneca

American football playe

r

1976

Ivan Franceschini

Italian footballe

r

1976

Georges Laraque

Canadian ice hockey player and politicia

n

1976

Derek Ramsay

Filipino-British actor, model and television personalit

y

1976

Sunny Sweeney

American singer-songwriter and guitaris

t

1976

Benoît Tréluyer

French race car drive

r

1976

Joris Vandenbroucke

Belgian politicia

n

1977

Eric Chavez

American baseball player and sportscaste

r

1977

Luke Donald

English golfe

r

1977

Dominic Howard

English drummer and produce

r

1978

Shiri Appleby

American actress, director, and produce

r

1978

Suzannah Lipscomb

English historian, academic and television presente

r

1979

Sara Bareilles

American singer-songwriter, pianist, and actres

s

1979

Jennifer Carpenter

American actres

s

1979

Lampros Choutos

Greek-Italian footballe

r

1979

Ayako Fujitani

Japanese actress and screenwrite

r

1980

Dan Bilzerian

American poker player and internet celebrit

y

1980

John Terry

English footballe

r

1982

Lou Amundson

American basketball playe

r

1982

Jack Huston

English acto

r

1983

Mike Mucitelli

American mixed martial artis

t

1983

Al Thornton

American basketball playe

r

1984

Aaron Gray

American basketball playe

r

1984

Robert Kubica

Polish race car drive

r

1984

Milan Michálek

Czech ice hockey playe

r

1984

Luca Rigoni

Italian footballe

r

1985

Jon Moxley

American wrestle

r

1986

Billy Horschel

American golfe

r

1986

Nita Strauss

American guitaris

t

1987

Aaron Carter

American singer-songwriter, rapper, dancer, and actor

(d. 2022)

1988

Nathan Adrian

American swimme

r

1988

Emily Browning

Australian actress and singe

r

1988

Angelina Gabueva

Russian tennis playe

r

1988

Andrew Goudelock

American basketball playe

r

1989

Kyle Hendricks

American baseball playe

r

1989

Nicholas Hoult

English acto

r

1989

Philip Larsen

Danish ice hockey playe

r

1989

Alessandro Marchi

Italian footballe

r

1989

Kevin Séraphin

French basketball playe

r

1990

Cameron Bairstow

Australian basketball playe

r

1990

David Goffin

Belgian tennis playe

r

1990

Aleksandr Menkov

Russian long jumpe

r

1990

Yasiel Puig

Cuban baseball playe

r

1990

Urszula Radwańska

Polish tennis playe

r

1991

Eugenio Pisani

Italian race car drive

r

1992

Sean Couturier

American-Canadian ice hockey playe

r

1993

Rahama Sadau

Nigerian actres

s

1994

Pete Alonso

American baseball playe

r

1994

Geno Chiarelli

American politicia

n

1994

Yuzuru Hanyu

Japanese figure skate

r

1994

Hunter Henry

American football playe

r

1997

Abi Harrison

Scottish footballe

r

1997

Tommy Nelson

American acto

r

1998

Tony Yike Yang

Canadian pianis

t

1999

Pavol Regenda

Slovak ice hockey playe

r

December 07 Deaths

43 BC

Cicero

Roman philosopher, lawyer, and politician

(b. 106 BC)

283

Eutychian

pope of the Catholic Churc

h

881

Anspert

archbishop of Mila

n

983

Otto II

Holy Roman Emperor

(b. 955)

1254

Innocent IV

pope of the Catholic Church

(b. 1195)

1279

Bolesław V

High Duke of Poland

(b. 1226)

1295

Gilbert de Clare

7th Earl of Gloucester, English officer

(b. 1243)

1383

Wenceslaus I

duke of Luxembourg

(b. 1337)

1498

Alexander Hegius von Heek

German poet

(b. 1433)

1562

Adrian Willaert

Dutch-Italian composer and educator

(b. 1490)

1649

Charles Garnier

French missionary and saint

(b. 1606)

1672

Richard Bellingham

English-American lawyer and politician, 8th Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony

(b. 1592)

1680

Peter Lely

Dutch-English painter

(b. 1618)

1683

Algernon Sidney

English philosopher and politician, Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports

(b. 1623)

1723

Jan Santini Aichel

Czech architect, designed the Pilgrimage Church of Saint John of Nepomuk and Karlova Koruna Chateau

(b. 1677)

1725

Florent Carton Dancourt

French actor and playwright

(b. 1661)

1772

Martín Sarmiento

Spanish monk, scholar, and author

(b. 1695)

1775

Charles Saunders

English admiral and politician

(b. 1715)

1793

Joseph Bara

French soldier and drummer

(b. 1779)

1803

Küçük Hüseyin Pasha

Turkish admiral and politician

(b. 1757)

1815

Michel Ney

German-French general

(b. 1769)

1817

William Bligh

English admiral and politician, 4th Governor of New South Wales

(b. 1745)

1837

Robert Nicoll

Scottish poet

(b.1814)

1842

Thomas Hamilton

Scottish philosopher and author

(b. 1789)

1874

Constantin von Tischendorf

German theologian, scholar, and academic

(b. 1815)

1879

Jón Sigurðsson

Icelandic scholar and politician, 1st Speaker of the Parliament of Iceland

(b. 1811)

1891

Arthur Blyth

English-Australian politician, 9th Premier of South Australia

(b. 1823)

1894

Ferdinand de Lesseps

French businessman and diplomat, co-developed the Suez Canal

(b. 1805)

1899

Juan Luna

Filipino painter and sculptor

(b. 1857)

1902

Thomas Nast

German-American cartoonist

(b. 1840)

1906

Élie Ducommun

Swiss journalist and educator, Nobel Prize laureate

(b. 1833)

1913

Luigi Oreglia di Santo Stefano

Italian cardinal

(b. 1828)

1917

Ludwig Minkus

Austrian violinist and composer

(b. 1826)

1918

Frank Wilson

English-Australian politician, 9th Premier of Western Australia

(b. 1859)

1941

Mervyn S. Bennion

American captain

(b. 1887)

1941

Frederick Curtice Davis

American sailor

(b. 1915)

1941

Julius Ellsberry

American sailor

(b. 1921)

1941

John C. England

American sailor

(b. 1920)

1941

Edwin J. Hill

American sailor

(b. 1894)

1941

Ralph Hollis

American sailor

(b. 1906)

1941

Herbert C. Jones

American sailor

(b. 1918)

1941

Isaac C. Kidd

American admiral

(b. 1884)

1941

Robert Lawrence Leopold

American sailor

(b. 1916)

1941

Herbert Hugo Menges

American sailor

(b. 1917)

1941

Thomas James Reeves

American sailor

(b. 1895)

1941

Aloysius Schmitt

American priest and sailor

(b. 1909)

1941

Robert R. Scott

American sailor

(b. 1915)

1941

Peter Tomich

American sailor

(b. 1893)

1941

Robert Uhlmann

American sailor

(b. 1919)

1941

Franklin Van Valkenburgh

American captain

(b. 1888)

1941

Eldon P. Wyman

American sailor

(b. 1917)

1947

Tristan Bernard

French author and playwright

(b. 1866)

1947

Nicholas Murray Butler

American philosopher and academic, Nobel Prize laureate

(b. 1862)

1949

Rex Beach

American author, playwright, and water polo player

(b. 1877)

1956

Huntley Gordon

Canadian-American actor

(b. 1887)

1956

Reşat Nuri Güntekin

Turkish author and playwright

(b. 1889)

1960

Ioannis Demestichas

Greek admiral and politician

(b. 1882)

1962

Kirsten Flagstad

Norwegian opera singer

(b. 1895)

1969

Lefty O'Doul

American baseball player and manager

(b. 1897)

1969

Eric Portman

English actor

(b. 1903)

1970

Rube Goldberg

American cartoonist, sculptor, and author

(b. 1883)

1975

Thornton Wilder

American novelist and playwright

(b. 1897)

1975

Hardie Albright

American actor

(b. 1903)

1976

Paul Bragg

American nutritionist

(b. 1895)

1977

Paul Gibb

English cricketer and umpire

(b. 1913)

1977

Peter Carl Goldmark

Hungarian-American engineer

(b. 1906)

1977

Georges Grignard

French race car driver

(b. 1905)

1978

Alexander Wetmore

American ornithologist and paleontologist

(b. 1886)

1979

Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin

English-American astronomer and astrophysicist

(b. 1900)

1980

Darby Crash

American punk rock vocalist and songwriter

(b. 1958)

1984

Jack Mercer

American voice actor

(b. 1910)

1984

LeeRoy Yarbrough

American race car driver

(b. 1938)

1985

J. R. Eyerman

American photographer and journalist

(b. 1906)

1985

Robert Graves

English poet, novelist, critic

(b. 1895)

1985

Potter Stewart

American soldier and jurist

(b. 1915)

1989

Haystacks Calhoun

American wrestler and actor

(b. 1934)

1989

Hans Hartung

French-German painter

(b. 1904)

1990

Joan Bennett

American actress

(b. 1910)

1990

Jean Paul Lemieux

Canadian painter and educator

(b. 1904)

1992

Richard J. Hughes

American politician, 45th Governor of New Jersey, and Chief Justice of the New Jersey Supreme Court

(b. 1909)

1993

Abidin Dino

Turkish-French painter and illustrator

(b. 1913)

1993

Félix Houphouët-Boigny

Ivoirian physician and politician, 1st President of Ivory Coast

(b. 1905)

1995

Kathleen Harrison

English actress

(b. 1892)

1997

Billy Bremner

Scottish footballer and manager

(b. 1942)

1998

John Addison

English-American composer and conductor

(b. 1920)

1998

Martin Rodbell

American biochemist and endocrinologist, Nobel Prize laureate

(b. 1925)

2003

Azie Taylor Morton

American educator and politician, 36th Treasurer of the United States

(b. 1933)

2004

Frederick Fennell

American conductor and educator

(b. 1914)

2004

Jerry Scoggins

American singer and guitarist

(b. 1913)

2004

Jay Van Andel

American businessman and philanthropist, co-founded Amway

(b. 1924)

2005

Bud Carson

American football player and coach

(b. 1931)

2006

Jeane Kirkpatrick

American academic and diplomat, 16th United States Ambassador to the United Nations

(b. 1926)

2008

Herbert Hutner

American banker and lawyer

(b. 1908)

2010

Elizabeth Edwards

American lawyer and author

(b. 1949)

2010

Kari Tapio

Finnish singer

(b. 1945)

2011

Harry Morgan

American actor

(b. 1915)

2012

Roelof Kruisinga

Dutch physician and politician, Dutch Minister of Defence

(b. 1922)

2012

Ralph Parr

American colonel and pilot

(b. 1924)

2012

Marty Reisman

American table tennis player and author

(b. 1930)

2012

Saul Steinberg

American businessman and financier

(b. 1939)

2013

Édouard Molinaro

French actor, director, producer, and screenwriter

(b. 1928)

2013

Chick Willis

American singer and guitarist

(b. 1934)

2014

Mark Lewis

American author and educator

(b. 1954)

2015

Gerhard Lenski

American sociologist and academic

(b. 1924)

2015

Hyron Spinrad

American astronomer and academic

(b. 1934)

2015

Peter Westbury

English race car driver

(b. 1938)

2016

Junaid Jamshed

Pakistani recording artist, television personality, fashion designer, occasional actor, singer-songwriter and preacher.

(b. 1964)

2015

Shirley Stelfox

English actress

(b. 1941)

2016

Greg Lake

English musician

(b. 1947)

2017

Steve Reevis

Native American actor

(b. 1962)

2019

Ron Saunders

English football player and manager

(b. 1932)

2020

Dick Allen

American baseball player and tenor

(b. 1942)

2020

Chuck Yeager

American aviator

(b. 1923)

2023

Benjamin Zephaniah

British writer and dub poet

(b.1958)

2023

Refaat Alareer

Palestinian professor and writer

(b.1979)

2023

Emiko Miyamoto

Japanese volleyball player

(b.1937)