读：On October 13, 1307, King Philip IV of France ordered the arrest of hundreds of Knights Templar, a powerful and influential Christian military order. The arrested members were subjected to torture, leading to false confessions of heresy. This event marked the beginning of the end for the Knights Templar, who were eventually disbanded in 1312. --来自AI解读

读：On October 13, 1775, the Continental Congress, a gathering of representatives from the 13 American colonies, established the United States Navy. This decision was made during the American Revolutionary War, as the colonies sought to gain independence from British rule. The creation of the Navy played a crucial role in the war effort and laid the foundation for the modern U.S. Navy. --来自AI解读

读：On October 13, 1792, the cornerstone of the White House, the official residence and principal workplace of the President of the United States, was laid. Designed by Irish-born architect James Hoban, the White House has served as the presidential residence since 1800 and is one of the most recognizable symbols of American democracy. --来自AI解读

读：On October 13, 1843, Henry Jones and 11 other Jewish immigrants in New York City founded B'nai B'rith, a Jewish service organization. B'nai B'rith, which translates to "Sons of the Covenant," aimed to promote Jewish culture, education, and community service. Today, it is the oldest Jewish service organization in the world, with chapters in over 50 countries. --来自AI解读

读：On October 13, 1917, the Victor Military Band recorded "I'm Proud to Be a Fire Girl," a song written by Harry Carroll and Ballard MacDonald. The song was part of a series of patriotic tunes produced during World War I to boost morale and support for the war effort. --来自AI解读

读：On October 13, 1923, Ankara officially became the capital of Turkey, replacing Istanbul. This decision was made by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of modern Turkey, as part of his efforts to secularize and modernize the country. Ankara has since grown into a thriving metropolis and a symbol of Turkish progress. --来自AI解读

读：On October 13, 1943, Italy declared war on Germany, marking a significant shift in World War II alliances. Following the surrender of Italian forces to the Allies, the new Italian government, led by King Victor Emmanuel III, turned against its former Axis partner, Germany. This declaration of war contributed to the ultimate defeat of Nazi Germany. --来自AI解读

读：On October 13, 1972, Aeroflot Flight 217, a Tupolev Tu-104B aircraft, crashed outside Moscow, resulting in the deaths of all 174 passengers and crew members on board. The cause of the crash remains unknown, but it is believed to have been due to a combination of pilot error and technical malfunctions. --来自AI解读

读：On October 13, 1974, Martin Cooper, an engineer at Motorola, made the first-ever cell phone call. Cooper called a rival telecommunications company to declare that he was speaking from a cell phone. This groundbreaking moment marked the beginning of the cell phone era, revolutionizing communication and paving the way for the development of modern smartphones. --来自AI解读

读：On October 13, 2010, a rockfall at the Copiapó mine in Chile trapped 33 miners underground. The accident drew international attention as rescue efforts began. After 69 days, all 33 miners were rescued, marking a miraculous end to the ordeal. --来自AI解读