417
Zosimus becomes Pope.
AI analysis
读：On March 18, 417, Zosimus became the Pope of the Catholic Church. His papacy was marked by controversies and conflicts with the Eastern Church, particularly over the issue of Pelagianism. --来自AI解读
978
Edward the Martyr, King of England, is murdered.
AI analysis
读：Edward the Martyr, King of England, was murdered on March 18, 978. His death led to the ascension of his half-brother Ethelred the Unready to the throne, marking a tumultuous period in English history. --来自AI解读
1068
An earthquake devastates the Near East.
AI analysis
读：A devastating earthquake struck the Near East on March 18, 1068, causing widespread destruction and loss of life. This natural disaster had significant impacts on the region's infrastructure and population. --来自AI解读
1227
Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, excommunicated by Pope Gregory IX.
AI analysis
读：On March 18, 1227, Pope Gregory IX excommunicated Frederick II, the Holy Roman Emperor, due to his failure to fulfill his crusading vow. This led to a significant conflict between the Church and the Empire. --来自AI解读
1314
Jacques de Molay, the last Grand Master of the Knights Templar, is burned at the stake.
AI analysis
读：On March 18, 1314, Jacques de Molay, the last Grand Master of the Knights Templar, was burned at the stake. This event marked the end of the Knights Templar, a powerful medieval military order. --来自AI解读
1438
Albert II of Habsburg becomes Holy Roman Emperor.
AI analysis
读：Albert II of Habsburg became the Holy Roman Emperor on March 18, 1438. His reign was marked by attempts to reform the empire and strengthen its institutions. --来自AI解读
1662
The first horses arrive in America.
AI analysis
读：On March 18, 1662, the first horses arrived in America, brought by European settlers. This marked the beginning of horse domestication in the New World. --来自AI解读
1766
American Revolution: The British Parliament repeals the Stamp Act.
AI analysis
读：The British Parliament repealed the Stamp Act on March 18, 1766, in response to widespread protests and boycotts in the American colonies. This event was a significant milestone in the lead-up to the American Revolution. --来自AI解读
1850
American Express is founded by Henry Wells and William Fargo.
AI analysis
读：On March 18, 1850, Henry Wells and William Fargo founded American Express, a multinational financial services corporation. Today, it is one of the largest and most successful companies in the world. --来自AI解读
1865
The Congress of the Confederate States adjourns for the last time.
AI analysis
读：The Congress of the Confederate States adjourned for the last time on March 18, 1865, marking the end of the Confederate government during the American Civil War. --来自AI解读
1874
Hawaii signs a treaty with the United States granting exclusive trade rights.
AI analysis
读：On March 18, 1874, Hawaii signed a treaty with the United States, granting the U.S. exclusive trade rights. This treaty marked the beginning of American influence over the Hawaiian Islands. --来自AI解读
1913
King George I of Greece is assassinated in the recently liberated city of Thessaloniki.
AI analysis
读：King George I of Greece was assassinated on March 18, 1913, in Thessaloniki, a city that had recently been liberated from Ottoman rule. His death led to a period of instability in Greece. --来自AI解读
1915
During World War I, British forces capture Neuve Chapelle, France in the Battle of Neuve Chapelle.
AI analysis
读：On March 18, 1915, British forces captured Neuve Chapelle, France, during the Battle of Neuve Chapelle. This battle was one of the first major engagements of World War I. --来自AI解读
1921
The second Peace of Riga is signed between Poland and the Soviet Union.
AI analysis
读：The second Peace of Riga was signed on March 18, 1921, between Poland and the Soviet Union. This treaty established the borders between the two countries and marked the end of the Polish-Soviet War. --来自AI解读
1922
In India, Mahatma Gandhi is sentenced to six years in prison for non-cooperation with the British government.
AI analysis
读：On March 18, 1922, Mahatma Gandhi was sentenced to six years in prison for his non-cooperation with the British government. Gandhi's imprisonment was a significant event in India's struggle for independence. --来自AI解读
1937
The New London School explosion occurs, killing 300 people, mostly children.
AI analysis
读：The New London School explosion occurred on March 18, 1937, killing over 300 people, mostly children. This tragic event led to significant changes in school safety regulations. --来自AI解读
1940
World War II: Axis powers - Foreign Ministers of Germany and Italy and the dictator of Japan sign the Tripartite Pact.
AI analysis
读：On March 18, 1940, the foreign ministers of Germany and Italy, along with the dictator of Japan, signed the Tripartite Pact, forming the Axis powers during World War II. --来自AI解读
1948
The United States Supreme Court rules in McCollum v. Board of Education that voluntary religious education in public schools violates the U.S. Constitution.
AI analysis
读：On March 18, 1948, the United States Supreme Court ruled in McCollum v. Board of Education that voluntary religious education in public schools violated the U.S. Constitution. This landmark case established the principle of separation of church and state in American education. --来自AI解读
1959
The state of Hawaii makes surfing an official sport.
AI analysis
读：On March 18, 1959, the state of Hawaii officially recognized surfing as a sport. This decision acknowledged the cultural significance of surfing in Hawaiian culture and paved the way for its global popularity. --来自AI解读
1965
Cosmonaut Alexei Leonov becomes the first person to walk in space.
AI analysis
读：Cosmonaut Alexei Leonov became the first person to walk in space on March 18, 1965, during the Voskhod 2 mission. This achievement marked a significant milestone in space exploration. --来自AI解读
1966
The first Subway restaurant opens in Wallingford, Connecticut.
AI analysis
读：The first Subway restaurant opened on March 18, 1966, in Wallingford, Connecticut. Today, Subway is one of the largest fast-food chains in the world. --来自AI解读
1974
Most OPEC nations end a five-month oil embargo against the United States, Europe and Japan.
AI analysis
读：On March 18, 1974, most OPEC nations ended a five-month oil embargo against the United States, Europe, and Japan. This embargo had significant economic impacts on the affected countries. --来自AI解读
1990
East Germany holds its first free elections.
AI analysis
读：East Germany held its first free elections on March 18, 1990, marking a significant step towards reunification with West Germany. These elections led to the eventual dissolution of East Germany and the reunification of Germany. --来自AI解读
1996
A nightclub fire in Quezon City, Philippines kills 162 people.
AI analysis
读：A devastating nightclub fire in Quezon City, Philippines, killed 162 people on March 18, 1996. This tragedy highlighted the need for improved fire safety measures in public places. --来自AI解读
2014
The Crimean Parliament and the City Council of Sevastopol declare independence from Ukraine.
AI analysis
读：On March 18, 2014, the Crimean Parliament and the City Council of Sevastopol declared independence from Ukraine. This led to Russia's annexation of Crimea, sparking international tensions. --来自AI解读
2015
Two suicide bombings occur in Tunisia killing 21 people.
AI analysis
读：Two suicide bombings occurred in Tunisia on March 18, 2015, killing 21 people. These terrorist attacks highlighted the ongoing security challenges faced by the country. --来自AI解读
2016
Three Islamic State militants attack Brussels' Zaventem airport, killing 11 people.
AI analysis
读：On March 18, 2016, three Islamic State militants attacked Brussels' Zaventem airport, killing 11 people. This terrorist attack was part of a larger series of coordinated attacks in Brussels. --来自AI解读
2019
The 2019 Christchurch mosque shootings occur at Al Noor Mosque and Linwood Islamic Centre in Christchurch, New Zealand, killing 51 people.
AI analysis
读：On March 18, 2019, a terrorist attack occurred at Al Noor Mosque and Linwood Islamic Centre in Christchurch, New Zealand, killing 51 people. This attack was carried out by a white supremacist and sparked widespread condemnation and calls for stricter gun control laws. --来自AI解读
